{"id":574,"date":"2024-08-29T19:29:12","date_gmt":"2024-08-29T19:29:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/?page_id=574"},"modified":"2025-07-16T17:10:57","modified_gmt":"2025-07-16T17:10:57","slug":"oral-histories","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/oral-histories\/","title":{"rendered":"Oral Histories"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"574\" class=\"elementor elementor-574\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04ec5a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"04ec5a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3259141 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3259141\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Oral Histories<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-770a599 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"770a599\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-362d339 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"362d339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b6f42a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7b6f42a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-984e529 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"984e529\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indigenous Chicago <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">project\u2019s initial community meeting in January 2020, conducting new oral histories was one of the first priorities that community members identified. From 1982-1984, Native community members collaborated with the Newberry Library to record <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archives.newberry.org\/repositories\/2\/resources\/105\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">twenty three oral interviews<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with other members of the Chicago Native community. However, no such oral history project had been completed since then, and community members were committed to growing a community archiving practice in which their voices were represented in archival collections.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the support of the <a href=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oral History subcommittee<\/a>, we went through multiple rounds of revisions on consent forms that were most appropriate for community needs, and identified a variety of methods for conducting oral interviews. Many oral histories were conducted at \u201cOral History Days\u201d co-hosted by the American Indian Health Services of Chicago; others were conducted at powwow booths, in people\u2019s homes, at their workplaces, and at the Newberry. Interviews were conducted by both Newberry staff and by community members.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have conducted interviews with more than 50 individuals, but we are still in the process of transcribing, and receiving interviewee approval for those transcriptions. <strong>We will continue to add the recordings to this page as they are processed<\/strong>. This project is also ongoing. If you are a member of the Chicago American Indian Community and would like to be interviewed, <a href=\"mailto:mcnickle@newberry.org\">please contact us.<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><strong>Per the wishes of the <a href=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oral History subcommittee<\/a>, we have left the interview transcripts verbatim unless otherwise requested by the interviewee(s).<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>When you click on each interview audio recording, you will be prompted to create an account on our Digital Collections platform. You will only need to do this step once. Only registered users can access the audio recordings and transcripts.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2af6069 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2af6069\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81fa5cd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"81fa5cd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2a7d7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e2a7d7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8047012 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8047012\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ced429e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ced429e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"788\" src=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sharon-Skolnick-1024x1009.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2057\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sharon-Skolnick-1024x1009.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sharon-Skolnick-300x296.jpg 300w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sharon-Skolnick-768x757.jpg 768w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sharon-Skolnick-1536x1514.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sharon-Skolnick.jpg 1649w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">A painting by Sharon Skolnick<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d4a1a1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d4a1a1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcf359e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bcf359e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Interview with Sharon Skolnick (Okee-Chee), Naomi Skolnick, Michael Yazzie, and Lyla Yazzie<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3022ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3022ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Date<\/b>: 2\/18\/2024<\/p><p><b>Location<\/b>: Yazzie\/Skolnick household in Chicago, Illinois<\/p><p><b>Interviewer<\/b>: Haku Blaisdell<\/p><p><b>Editor<\/b>: Jacqueline Lopez<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8ZSEFMETM?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Listen to the Interview<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8ZSEFMN6L?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Access Interview Transcript<\/a><\/strong><\/p><p><em>The interviewees have retained their copyright. Please <a href=\"mailto:mcnickle@newberry.org\">contact us<\/a> before quoting or sharing sections of this interview.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c06900 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6c06900\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d38f097 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d38f097\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29f8547 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"29f8547\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Interview with Carla Guerue<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c26337e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c26337e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Date<\/span>: 2\/27\/2024<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Location<\/span>: American Indian Association of Illinois in Chicago, Illinois<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Interviewer<\/span>: Melanie Cloud<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Editor<\/span>: Rene Ramirez<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8ZSEFMZEJ?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Styrene B Regular, sans-serif;\">Listen to the Interview<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8ZSEFMHNA?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Access Interview Transcript<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-135ca55 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"135ca55\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eeea36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8eeea36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Carla-Guerue-e1726092677529-qtyye1e67ylib7yi2xqb9o42q3fpdpadd4kdykegso.jpg\" title=\"Carla Guerue\" alt=\"Carla Guerue\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Carla Guerue<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17b0cbc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"17b0cbc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d341b76 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d341b76\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-328003e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"328003e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"396\" height=\"463\" src=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bonnie-Brady-Earrings-rotated-e1732658558290.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3208\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bonnie-Brady-Earrings-rotated-e1732658558290.jpg 396w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Bonnie-Brady-Earrings-rotated-e1732658558290-257x300.jpg 257w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Earrings created by Bonita Brady<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bfd5ff e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1bfd5ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6250df elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d6250df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Interview with Bonita Brady<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74b43f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74b43f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Date<\/b>: 1\/22\/2024<\/p><p><b>Location<\/b>: Bonita Brady&#8217;s home in Chicago, Illinois<\/p><p><b>Interviewer<\/b>: Haku Blaisdell<\/p><p><b>Editor<\/b>: Rene Ramirez<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8Z81JRM4C?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Listen to the Interview<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8Z81JRZDF?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Access Interview Transcript<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe57faa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fe57faa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bcbc92 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4bcbc92\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be78241 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"be78241\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Interview with Leonard Malatare<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f703c40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f703c40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Date<\/span>: 12\/12\/2023<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Location<\/span>: American Indian Health Services of Chicago<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Interviewer<\/span>: Rose Miron<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Editor<\/span>: Rene Ramirez<\/p><p style=\"font-family: 'Styrene B Regular', sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8Z8903IDE?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: Styrene B Regular, sans-serif;\">Listen to the Interview<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8Z890Y4R6?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Access Interview Transcript<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong>Additional note from Clovia Malatare<\/strong>: &#8220;W<span data-olk-copy-source=\"MessageBody\">e have been together for 45 years this year [2025].\u00a0 We have had a good life together.\u00a0 \u00a0Since Leonard is a veteran, we were able to buy our home through the GI Bill.\u00a0 Leonard was 25 years old, and I was 30 years old when we met.\u00a0 I am now 74 years old; turning 75 in August. Leonard is 69, turning 70 in March.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-516bc63 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"516bc63\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dc4bdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5dc4bdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Leonard-Malatare-Photo-e1752684869864-r8up54pfm2kes4xevwvsbnm7g5aiwru1xcza9wmrgo.jpg\" title=\"Leonard Malatare Photo\" alt=\"Clovia Malatare and Leonard Malatare\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Clovia Malatare and Leonard Malatare<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2e8603 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d2e8603\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd23812 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fd23812\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab4cfd0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ab4cfd0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Stanley-Cloud-Armstrong-photo-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3441\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Stanley-Cloud-Armstrong-photo-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Stanley-Cloud-Armstrong-photo-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Stanley-Cloud-Armstrong-photo-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Stanley-Cloud-Armstrong-photo-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Stanley-Cloud-Armstrong-photo-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/test.newberry.org\/indigenous-chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Stanley-Cloud-Armstrong-photo.jpg 1875w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Dominic Armstrong, Susan Stanley, and Kevin Cloud<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ad7e2b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0ad7e2b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8e212b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f8e212b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Interview with Susan Stanley, Kevin Cloud, and Dominic Armstrong<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8140a8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8140a8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b>Date<\/b>: 1\/22\/2024<\/p><p><b>Location<\/b>: California Indian Manpower Consortium, Inc. (CIMC) office in Chicago, Illinois<\/p><p><b>Interviewer<\/b>: Rose Miron<\/p><p><b>Editor<\/b>: Rene Ramirez<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8Z890Q4F6?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Listen to the Interview<\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/collections.newberry.org\/asset-management\/2KXJ8Z890YSTF?WS=AssetManagement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Access Interview Transcript<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02d237a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"02d237a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6c66d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d6c66d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c58810 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1c58810\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2318a67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2318a67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><b>Additional Oral History Resources<\/b><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b9d7be e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6b9d7be\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11a50f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"11a50f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cd35a0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0cd35a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a29619 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8a29619\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be48ca8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"be48ca8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=VKUFot0zp_Q&amp;t=98s&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90dbd42 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"90dbd42\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2de9858 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2de9858\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Interview with William (Bill) Smith<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c15ea5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c15ea5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This documentary covers the life of Bill Smith, who tells his story of his time in the military and how it has affected his life. Inspired by his father\u2019s military service, Bill joined the United States Marines. From growing up on the Pine Ridge Reservation to helicoptering through the Philippines, Bill Smith lived a life of pride.<\/p><p><em>Courtesy of Louis Vasseur and the Harlem Veterans Project<\/em><\/p><p><strong>Content Warning<\/strong>: This interview contains graphic descriptions of violence experienced in a Native boarding school. For more information about these schools and for resources around counseling and healing, we encourage you to visit the <a id=\"LPlnk368258\" title=\"https:\/\/boardingschoolhealing.org\/\" href=\"https:\/\/boardingschoolhealing.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"0\">National Native American Boarding School Healing Coalition&#8217;s website<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Listen to stories and perspectives from members of the Chicago Native community.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":739,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-574","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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